Red-winged blackbird
(Agelaius phoeniceus)

Animalia / Chordata / Aves / Passeriformes / Icteridae / Agelaius

Predation Herbivory

Corn
(Zea mays)

Plantae / Tracheophyta / Liliopsida / Poales / Poaceae / Zea

Source: globalbioticinteractions.org

See detail of citations

Reference citation:
McNicol, D. K., R. J. Robertson, and P. J. Weatherhead. 1982. Seasonal, habitat, and sex-specific food habits of Red-winged Blackbirds: implications for agriculture. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60:3282-3289.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/Dryu0003/dietdatabase/archive/bbd9be71f5db476449b66d948e4938dce5900300.zip

Reference citation:
White, S. B., R. A. Dolbeer, and T. A. Bookhout. 1985. Ecology, bioenergetics, and agricultural impacts of a winter-roosting population of blackbirds and starlings. Wildlife Monographs 93:1-42.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/Dryu0003/dietdatabase/archive/bbd9be71f5db476449b66d948e4938dce5900300.zip

Reference citation:
Robertson, R. J., P. J. Weatherhead, F. J. S. Phelan, G. L. Holroyd, and N. Lester. 1978. On assessing the economic and ecological impact of winter blackbird flocks. Journal of Wildlife Management 42:53-60.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/Dryu0003/dietdatabase/archive/bbd9be71f5db476449b66d948e4938dce5900300.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/Dryu0003/dietdatabase/archive/bbd9be71f5db476449b66d948e4938dce5900300.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/Dryu0003/dietdatabase/archive/bbd9be71f5db476449b66d948e4938dce5900300.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/Dryu0003/dietdatabase/archive/bbd9be71f5db476449b66d948e4938dce5900300.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/Dryu0003/dietdatabase/archive/bbd9be71f5db476449b66d948e4938dce5900300.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/Dryu0003/dietdatabase/archive/bbd9be71f5db476449b66d948e4938dce5900300.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/Dryu0003/dietdatabase/archive/bbd9be71f5db476449b66d948e4938dce5900300.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/Dryu0003/dietdatabase/archive/bbd9be71f5db476449b66d948e4938dce5900300.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/Dryu0003/dietdatabase/archive/bbd9be71f5db476449b66d948e4938dce5900300.zip

Reference citation:
Beal, F. E. L. 1910. Birds of California in relation to the fruit industry, Part 2. U.S. Department of Agriculture Biological Survey Bulletin 34:1-96.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/Dryu0003/dietdatabase/archive/bbd9be71f5db476449b66d948e4938dce5900300.zip

Reference citation:
McNicol, D. K., R. J. Robertson, and P. J. Weatherhead. 1982. Seasonal, habitat, and sex-specific food habits of Red-winged Blackbirds: implications for agriculture. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60:3282-3289.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/HongyuLii/dietdatabase/archive/9b2c68014a3075f75a2e10755ea6cb483bc23a14.zip

Reference citation:
White, S. B., R. A. Dolbeer, and T. A. Bookhout. 1985. Ecology, bioenergetics, and agricultural impacts of a winter-roosting population of blackbirds and starlings. Wildlife Monographs 93:1-42.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/HongyuLii/dietdatabase/archive/9b2c68014a3075f75a2e10755ea6cb483bc23a14.zip

Reference citation:
Robertson, R. J., P. J. Weatherhead, F. J. S. Phelan, G. L. Holroyd, and N. Lester. 1978. On assessing the economic and ecological impact of winter blackbird flocks. Journal of Wildlife Management 42:53-60.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/HongyuLii/dietdatabase/archive/9b2c68014a3075f75a2e10755ea6cb483bc23a14.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/HongyuLii/dietdatabase/archive/9b2c68014a3075f75a2e10755ea6cb483bc23a14.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/HongyuLii/dietdatabase/archive/9b2c68014a3075f75a2e10755ea6cb483bc23a14.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/HongyuLii/dietdatabase/archive/9b2c68014a3075f75a2e10755ea6cb483bc23a14.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/HongyuLii/dietdatabase/archive/9b2c68014a3075f75a2e10755ea6cb483bc23a14.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/HongyuLii/dietdatabase/archive/9b2c68014a3075f75a2e10755ea6cb483bc23a14.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/HongyuLii/dietdatabase/archive/9b2c68014a3075f75a2e10755ea6cb483bc23a14.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/HongyuLii/dietdatabase/archive/9b2c68014a3075f75a2e10755ea6cb483bc23a14.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/HongyuLii/dietdatabase/archive/9b2c68014a3075f75a2e10755ea6cb483bc23a14.zip

Reference citation:
Beal, F. E. L. 1910. Birds of California in relation to the fruit industry, Part 2. U.S. Department of Agriculture Biological Survey Bulletin 34:1-96.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/HongyuLii/dietdatabase/archive/9b2c68014a3075f75a2e10755ea6cb483bc23a14.zip

Reference citation:
McNicol, D. K., R. J. Robertson, and P. J. Weatherhead. 1982. Seasonal, habitat, and sex-specific food habits of Red-winged Blackbirds: implications for agriculture. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60:3282-3289.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/cooperrlynn/dietdatabase/archive/4f91e5649a21bc21bb6a74b43e8643a9b3f8788b.zip

Reference citation:
White, S. B., R. A. Dolbeer, and T. A. Bookhout. 1985. Ecology, bioenergetics, and agricultural impacts of a winter-roosting population of blackbirds and starlings. Wildlife Monographs 93:1-42.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/cooperrlynn/dietdatabase/archive/4f91e5649a21bc21bb6a74b43e8643a9b3f8788b.zip

Reference citation:
Robertson, R. J., P. J. Weatherhead, F. J. S. Phelan, G. L. Holroyd, and N. Lester. 1978. On assessing the economic and ecological impact of winter blackbird flocks. Journal of Wildlife Management 42:53-60.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/cooperrlynn/dietdatabase/archive/4f91e5649a21bc21bb6a74b43e8643a9b3f8788b.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/cooperrlynn/dietdatabase/archive/4f91e5649a21bc21bb6a74b43e8643a9b3f8788b.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/cooperrlynn/dietdatabase/archive/4f91e5649a21bc21bb6a74b43e8643a9b3f8788b.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/cooperrlynn/dietdatabase/archive/4f91e5649a21bc21bb6a74b43e8643a9b3f8788b.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/cooperrlynn/dietdatabase/archive/4f91e5649a21bc21bb6a74b43e8643a9b3f8788b.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/cooperrlynn/dietdatabase/archive/4f91e5649a21bc21bb6a74b43e8643a9b3f8788b.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/cooperrlynn/dietdatabase/archive/4f91e5649a21bc21bb6a74b43e8643a9b3f8788b.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/cooperrlynn/dietdatabase/archive/4f91e5649a21bc21bb6a74b43e8643a9b3f8788b.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/cooperrlynn/dietdatabase/archive/4f91e5649a21bc21bb6a74b43e8643a9b3f8788b.zip

Reference citation:
Beal, F. E. L. 1910. Birds of California in relation to the fruit industry, Part 2. U.S. Department of Agriculture Biological Survey Bulletin 34:1-96.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/cooperrlynn/dietdatabase/archive/4f91e5649a21bc21bb6a74b43e8643a9b3f8788b.zip

Reference citation:
McNicol, D. K., R. J. Robertson, and P. J. Weatherhead. 1982. Seasonal, habitat, and sex-specific food habits of Red-winged Blackbirds: implications for agriculture. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60:3282-3289.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/georgeni2442/dietdatabase/archive/204b664ea3314bf7dd1c27226767cd62fff4130f.zip

Reference citation:
White, S. B., R. A. Dolbeer, and T. A. Bookhout. 1985. Ecology, bioenergetics, and agricultural impacts of a winter-roosting population of blackbirds and starlings. Wildlife Monographs 93:1-42.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/georgeni2442/dietdatabase/archive/204b664ea3314bf7dd1c27226767cd62fff4130f.zip

Reference citation:
Robertson, R. J., P. J. Weatherhead, F. J. S. Phelan, G. L. Holroyd, and N. Lester. 1978. On assessing the economic and ecological impact of winter blackbird flocks. Journal of Wildlife Management 42:53-60.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/georgeni2442/dietdatabase/archive/204b664ea3314bf7dd1c27226767cd62fff4130f.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/georgeni2442/dietdatabase/archive/204b664ea3314bf7dd1c27226767cd62fff4130f.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/georgeni2442/dietdatabase/archive/204b664ea3314bf7dd1c27226767cd62fff4130f.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/georgeni2442/dietdatabase/archive/204b664ea3314bf7dd1c27226767cd62fff4130f.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/georgeni2442/dietdatabase/archive/204b664ea3314bf7dd1c27226767cd62fff4130f.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/georgeni2442/dietdatabase/archive/204b664ea3314bf7dd1c27226767cd62fff4130f.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/georgeni2442/dietdatabase/archive/204b664ea3314bf7dd1c27226767cd62fff4130f.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/georgeni2442/dietdatabase/archive/204b664ea3314bf7dd1c27226767cd62fff4130f.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/georgeni2442/dietdatabase/archive/204b664ea3314bf7dd1c27226767cd62fff4130f.zip

Reference citation:
Beal, F. E. L. 1910. Birds of California in relation to the fruit industry, Part 2. U.S. Department of Agriculture Biological Survey Bulletin 34:1-96.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/georgeni2442/dietdatabase/archive/204b664ea3314bf7dd1c27226767cd62fff4130f.zip

Reference citation:
McNicol, D. K., R. J. Robertson, and P. J. Weatherhead. 1982. Seasonal, habitat, and sex-specific food habits of Red-winged Blackbirds: implications for agriculture. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60:3282-3289.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/jerichocook/BIOL395Project/archive/4942586a8792eef6b836a453820dfa8c361c76fb.zip

Reference citation:
White, S. B., R. A. Dolbeer, and T. A. Bookhout. 1985. Ecology, bioenergetics, and agricultural impacts of a winter-roosting population of blackbirds and starlings. Wildlife Monographs 93:1-42.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/jerichocook/BIOL395Project/archive/4942586a8792eef6b836a453820dfa8c361c76fb.zip

Reference citation:
Robertson, R. J., P. J. Weatherhead, F. J. S. Phelan, G. L. Holroyd, and N. Lester. 1978. On assessing the economic and ecological impact of winter blackbird flocks. Journal of Wildlife Management 42:53-60.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/jerichocook/BIOL395Project/archive/4942586a8792eef6b836a453820dfa8c361c76fb.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/jerichocook/BIOL395Project/archive/4942586a8792eef6b836a453820dfa8c361c76fb.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/jerichocook/BIOL395Project/archive/4942586a8792eef6b836a453820dfa8c361c76fb.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/jerichocook/BIOL395Project/archive/4942586a8792eef6b836a453820dfa8c361c76fb.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/jerichocook/BIOL395Project/archive/4942586a8792eef6b836a453820dfa8c361c76fb.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/jerichocook/BIOL395Project/archive/4942586a8792eef6b836a453820dfa8c361c76fb.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/jerichocook/BIOL395Project/archive/4942586a8792eef6b836a453820dfa8c361c76fb.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/jerichocook/BIOL395Project/archive/4942586a8792eef6b836a453820dfa8c361c76fb.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/jerichocook/BIOL395Project/archive/4942586a8792eef6b836a453820dfa8c361c76fb.zip

Reference citation:
Beal, F. E. L. 1910. Birds of California in relation to the fruit industry, Part 2. U.S. Department of Agriculture Biological Survey Bulletin 34:1-96.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/jerichocook/BIOL395Project/archive/4942586a8792eef6b836a453820dfa8c361c76fb.zip

Reference citation:
McNicol, D. K., R. J. Robertson, and P. J. Weatherhead. 1982. Seasonal, habitat, and sex-specific food habits of Red-winged Blackbirds: implications for agriculture. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60:3282-3289.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase/archive/de2b062bf553c6810839ced1baa3a0baf4d941d3.zip

Reference citation:
White, S. B., R. A. Dolbeer, and T. A. Bookhout. 1985. Ecology, bioenergetics, and agricultural impacts of a winter-roosting population of blackbirds and starlings. Wildlife Monographs 93:1-42.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase/archive/de2b062bf553c6810839ced1baa3a0baf4d941d3.zip

Reference citation:
Robertson, R. J., P. J. Weatherhead, F. J. S. Phelan, G. L. Holroyd, and N. Lester. 1978. On assessing the economic and ecological impact of winter blackbird flocks. Journal of Wildlife Management 42:53-60.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase/archive/de2b062bf553c6810839ced1baa3a0baf4d941d3.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase/archive/de2b062bf553c6810839ced1baa3a0baf4d941d3.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase/archive/de2b062bf553c6810839ced1baa3a0baf4d941d3.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase/archive/de2b062bf553c6810839ced1baa3a0baf4d941d3.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase/archive/de2b062bf553c6810839ced1baa3a0baf4d941d3.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase/archive/de2b062bf553c6810839ced1baa3a0baf4d941d3.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase/archive/de2b062bf553c6810839ced1baa3a0baf4d941d3.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase/archive/de2b062bf553c6810839ced1baa3a0baf4d941d3.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase/archive/de2b062bf553c6810839ced1baa3a0baf4d941d3.zip

Reference citation:
Beal, F. E. L. 1910. Birds of California in relation to the fruit industry, Part 2. U.S. Department of Agriculture Biological Survey Bulletin 34:1-96.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase/archive/de2b062bf553c6810839ced1baa3a0baf4d941d3.zip

Reference citation:
McNicol, D. K., R. J. Robertson, and P. J. Weatherhead. 1982. Seasonal, habitat, and sex-specific food habits of Red-winged Blackbirds: implications for agriculture. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60:3282-3289.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/kinseyfish/dietdatabase/archive/7508fd9e83403d39ac8b8ceee6f92b3d537d4f9d.zip

Reference citation:
White, S. B., R. A. Dolbeer, and T. A. Bookhout. 1985. Ecology, bioenergetics, and agricultural impacts of a winter-roosting population of blackbirds and starlings. Wildlife Monographs 93:1-42.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/kinseyfish/dietdatabase/archive/7508fd9e83403d39ac8b8ceee6f92b3d537d4f9d.zip

Reference citation:
Robertson, R. J., P. J. Weatherhead, F. J. S. Phelan, G. L. Holroyd, and N. Lester. 1978. On assessing the economic and ecological impact of winter blackbird flocks. Journal of Wildlife Management 42:53-60.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/kinseyfish/dietdatabase/archive/7508fd9e83403d39ac8b8ceee6f92b3d537d4f9d.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/kinseyfish/dietdatabase/archive/7508fd9e83403d39ac8b8ceee6f92b3d537d4f9d.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/kinseyfish/dietdatabase/archive/7508fd9e83403d39ac8b8ceee6f92b3d537d4f9d.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/kinseyfish/dietdatabase/archive/7508fd9e83403d39ac8b8ceee6f92b3d537d4f9d.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/kinseyfish/dietdatabase/archive/7508fd9e83403d39ac8b8ceee6f92b3d537d4f9d.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/kinseyfish/dietdatabase/archive/7508fd9e83403d39ac8b8ceee6f92b3d537d4f9d.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/kinseyfish/dietdatabase/archive/7508fd9e83403d39ac8b8ceee6f92b3d537d4f9d.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/kinseyfish/dietdatabase/archive/7508fd9e83403d39ac8b8ceee6f92b3d537d4f9d.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/kinseyfish/dietdatabase/archive/7508fd9e83403d39ac8b8ceee6f92b3d537d4f9d.zip

Reference citation:
Beal, F. E. L. 1910. Birds of California in relation to the fruit industry, Part 2. U.S. Department of Agriculture Biological Survey Bulletin 34:1-96.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/kinseyfish/dietdatabase/archive/7508fd9e83403d39ac8b8ceee6f92b3d537d4f9d.zip

Reference citation:
McNicol, D. K., R. J. Robertson, and P. J. Weatherhead. 1982. Seasonal, habitat, and sex-specific food habits of Red-winged Blackbirds: implications for agriculture. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60:3282-3289.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/lanescher/dietdatabase/archive/1c739f6fab3ef7b74b491995f1349b51339df89f.zip

Reference citation:
White, S. B., R. A. Dolbeer, and T. A. Bookhout. 1985. Ecology, bioenergetics, and agricultural impacts of a winter-roosting population of blackbirds and starlings. Wildlife Monographs 93:1-42.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/lanescher/dietdatabase/archive/1c739f6fab3ef7b74b491995f1349b51339df89f.zip

Reference citation:
Robertson, R. J., P. J. Weatherhead, F. J. S. Phelan, G. L. Holroyd, and N. Lester. 1978. On assessing the economic and ecological impact of winter blackbird flocks. Journal of Wildlife Management 42:53-60.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/lanescher/dietdatabase/archive/1c739f6fab3ef7b74b491995f1349b51339df89f.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/lanescher/dietdatabase/archive/1c739f6fab3ef7b74b491995f1349b51339df89f.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/lanescher/dietdatabase/archive/1c739f6fab3ef7b74b491995f1349b51339df89f.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/lanescher/dietdatabase/archive/1c739f6fab3ef7b74b491995f1349b51339df89f.zip

Reference citation:
Dolbeer, R. A., P. P. Woronecki, A. R. Stickley, Jr., and S. B. White. 1978. Agricultural impact of a winter population of blackbirds and starlings. Wilson Bulletin 90:31-44.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/lanescher/dietdatabase/archive/1c739f6fab3ef7b74b491995f1349b51339df89f.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/lanescher/dietdatabase/archive/1c739f6fab3ef7b74b491995f1349b51339df89f.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/lanescher/dietdatabase/archive/1c739f6fab3ef7b74b491995f1349b51339df89f.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/lanescher/dietdatabase/archive/1c739f6fab3ef7b74b491995f1349b51339df89f.zip

Reference citation:
Haag, K. R., J. C. Joyce, W. M. Hetrick, and J. C. Jordan. 1987. Predation on waterhyacinth weevils and other aquatic insects by three wetland birds in Florida. Florida Entomologist 70:457-471.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/lanescher/dietdatabase/archive/1c739f6fab3ef7b74b491995f1349b51339df89f.zip

Reference citation:
Beal, F. E. L. 1910. Birds of California in relation to the fruit industry, Part 2. U.S. Department of Agriculture Biological Survey Bulletin 34:1-96.

Source citation:
Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/lanescher/dietdatabase/archive/1c739f6fab3ef7b74b491995f1349b51339df89f.zip

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