Reference citation: Zimmerman, M.P. 1999. Food habits of smallmouth bass, walleyes, and northern pikeminnow in the lower Columbia river basin during outmigration of juvenile anadromous salmonids. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 128(6):1036-1054.
Source citation: Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2018. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org, version (10/2018).