Fall armyworm
(Spodoptera frugiperda)

Animalia / Arthropoda / Insecta / Lepidoptera / Noctuidae / Spodoptera

Predation Herbivory

Blackeyed pea
(Vigna unguiculata)

Plantae / Tracheophyta / Magnoliopsida / Fabales / Fabaceae / Vigna

Reference citation:
Federici, B.A., Hamm, J.J. Styer, E.L. 1991. Ascoviridae. pp. 339-349 in Adams, J.R. and Bonami, J.R. Atlas of invertebrate viruses. CRC Press, Boston.

Source citation:
Sarah E Miller. 12/13/2016. Species associations manually extracted from Onstad, D.W. EDWIP: Ecological Database of the World's Insect Pathogens. Champaign, Illinois: Illinois Natural History Survey, [23/11/2016]. http://insectweb.inhs.uiuc.edu/Pathogens/EDWIP.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Reference citation:
Groner, A. 1986. Specificity and safety of baculoviruses. pp. 177-202 in: Granados, R.R. and Federici, B.A. [eds.], The biology of baculoviruses, Vol 1: Biological properties and molecular biology. CRC Press, Boca Raton.

Source archive URL:
millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens

Source DOI:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Reference citation:
Hostetter, D.L., and Puttler, B., 1991. A new broad host spectrum nuclear polyhedrosis virus isolated from a celery looper, Anagrapha falcifera (Kirby), (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Environ. Entomol. 20: 1480-1488.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Reference citation:
Bishop, D.H.L., Entwistle, P.F., Cameron, I.R., Allen, C.J., and Posee, R.D. 1988. Field trials of genetically-engineered baculovirus insecticides. in Sussman, M. Collins, C.H., Skinner, F.A., and Stewart-Tull, D.E. [eds.] The release of genetically-engineered micro-organisms. Acdemic Press, London.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Reference citation:
Biever, K.D., Andrews, P.L. 1984. Susceptibility of lepidopterous larvae to Plutella xylostella nuclear polyhedrosis virus. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 44:117-119.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Reference citation:
Adams, J.R., and McClintock, J.T. 1991. Baculoviridae. nuclear polyhedrosis viruses Part 1. Nuclear polyhedrosis viruses of insects. pp. 87-204 in Adams, J.R. and Bonami, J.R. [Eds.] Atlas of Invertebrate Viruses. CRC Press, Boston.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Reference citation:
Martignoni, M.E. and Iwai, P.J. A catalogue of viral diseases of insects, mites and ticks. Appendix 2 [pp. 899-912] In, H.D. Burges (ed.) Microbial Control of Pests and Plant Diseases, 1970-1980. London: Academic Press, 1981. 949 pp.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Reference citation:
Sprague, V. 1977. Annotated List of Species of Microsporidia. pp. 31-334. In Bulla, L.A. and Cheng, T.C. [eds.], Comparative Pathobiology V. 2

Reference URL:
Weiser, J. 1959. Nosema laphygmae n. sp. and the internal structure of the microsporidian spore. J. Insect Pathol. 1:52-59.

Source archive URL:
Sarah E Miller. 12/13/2016. Species associations manually extracted from Onstad, D.W. EDWIP: Ecological Database of the World's Insect Pathogens. Champaign, Illinois: Illinois Natural History Survey, [23/11/2016]. http://insectweb.inhs.uiuc.edu/Pathogens/EDWIP.

Source DOI:
millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens

Reference citation:
Sprague, V. 1977. Annotated List of Species of Microsporidia. pp. 31-334. In Bulla, L.A. and Cheng, T.C. [eds.], Comparative Pathobiology V. 2

Reference URL:
Nordin, G.L. and Maddox, J.V., 1974. Microsporidia of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea I. Identification, distribution, and comparison of Nosema sp. with similar Nosema spp. from other Lepidoptera. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 24: 1-13.

Source DOI:
millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens

Reference citation:
Humber, R.A. 1992. Collection of entomopathogenic fungal cultures: catolog of strains, 1992. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service. ARS-110. 177pp. (Plant Protection Research Unit, U.S. Plant, Soil, and Water Laboratory, Tower Rd., Ithaca, N. Y. 14853-0331.)

Source archive URL:
millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens

Source DOI:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Source archive URL:
millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens

Source DOI:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Source archive URL:
millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens

Source DOI:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Source archive URL:
millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens

Source DOI:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Reference citation:
Henry, J. E., 1981. Natural and applied control of insects by protozoa. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 26: 49-73.

Reference URL:
Maddox, J. V.

Source citation:
Brooks, W. M.

Reference citation:
Hamm, J.J., 1980. Epizootics of Entomophthora aulicae in lepidopterous pests of sorghum. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 36: 60-63.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Reference citation:
Fargues, J., Maniania, N.K., and Delmas, J-C. 1994. Infectivity of propagules of Paecilomyes fumosoroseus during in vitro development to Spodoptera frugiperda. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 64: 173-178.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Reference citation:
Raulston, J. R., Pair, S. D., Loera, J. and Cabanillas, H. E., 1992. Prepupal and pupal parasitism of Helicoverpa zea and Spodptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by Steinernema sp. in cornfields in the lower Rio Grande Valley. Journal of Economic Entomology 85: 1666-1670.

Source archive URL:
millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens

Source DOI:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Reference citation:
Nguyen, K. B. and Smart, G. C., 1991. Pathogenicity of Steinernema scapterisci to selected invertebrates. Journal of Nematology 23: 7-11.

Source archive URL:
https://github.com/millerse/Ecological-Database-of-the-World-s-Insect-Pathogens/archive/187c16c8e664860d07e20f8a5ce209836e609c0b.zip

Cases